Organızatıonal Theory & Design Dersi 7. Ünite Sorularla Öğrenelim
Managerial Decision-Making
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Managerial Decision-Making
Which functional manager asks the following question?
“Which supplier should we use?”
That’s a question most probably asked by a production manager.
What are the ways a manager can follow to identify and solve a problem?
He or she can be involved in either programmed or non-programmed decision- making.
What are the decision-making tools of programmed decisions?
Policies and rules; capital budgeting; computerized solutions.
What are the decision-making tools of nonprogrammed decisions?
Judgment; intuition, creativity; computerized decision support systems and modeling.
Who is the founder of the rational decision-making approach?
Herbert Alexander Simon
What is the first step of rational decision-making?
The first step of rational decision-making is defining the problem.
What is the last step of rational decision-making?
The last step of rational decision-making is checking the answer to make sure it solves the problem.
What are the organizational constraints of nonprogrammed decision-making?
Need for agreement, shared perspective, cooperation, support, corporate culture and structure, ethical values.
What are the personal constraints of nonprogrammed decision-making?
Desire for prestige, success; personal decision style; and the need to satisfy emotional needs, cope with pressure, maintain self-concept.
Who are the developers of Carnegie Decision Model?
Carneige model, one of the organizational decision models, was developed by Cyert, James March and Herbert Simon from Carnegie-Mellon University.
What does coalition mean in Carneige model?
Coalition means a consensus of managers’ decisions about organizational goals and privileged problems. is coalition may consist of diffrent departments, individuals working in different levels and even customers and sometimes suppliers. Bankers, advisors outside the organization and union representatives may be included in this coalition since they must be involved in decision-making process.
What does satisficing mean?
Satisficing means an alternative production made with a limited information just to find solutions for the problems.
What does cognitive bias mean?
Cognitive bias means a tendency to make irrational decisions about other people and situations.
What are the types of bias in organizational decisions?
Overconfidence,
Anchoring bias,
Confirmation Bias,
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
What does “Escalation of Commitment” mean?
Escalation of commitment means that if you also have proofs that prove the truth of the idea against your own idea, you still insist on the accuracy of your own idea.
What does “Frame Effect” mean?
This means that form of information’s presentation influences the decisions greatly importantly. According to the frame effect, the way we define the problem, the words we choose, emphasis, the way we talk, the way we present our knowledge cause individuals to have various attitudes and perceptions and influence their choices.
What are the symptoms of unhealthy decision-making?
Group members suppose that their decisions are perfect and insist on it,
Managers are not informed about the arguments supporting the opposing view,
Group members give more importance to the data supporting their own views and ignore the others,
No one tries to consider alternative options,
Members that do not share the majority’s opinion are excluded.
What does anchoring bias mean?
Anchoring bias means being stuck in the first information coming to mind, which causes us to not evaluate the following data appropriately.
What does hindsight bias mean?
When you create a false belief that when the result of an event becomes clear, you knew this very result beforehand, it means that you have hindsight bias.
What methods can be offered to decrease the effect of these biases on managers’ decisions?
First method is to focus on goal.
The second method is to look for information that disconfirms your beliefs.
Do not try to create meaning out of random events.
Increase your options.
Which functional manager asks the following question?
“Which supplier should we use?”
“Which supplier should we use?”
“Which supplier should we use?”
“Which supplier should we use?”
“Which supplier should we use?”
That’s a question most probably asked by a production manager.
What are the ways a manager can follow to identify and solve a problem?
He or she can be involved in either programmed or non-programmed decision- making.
He or she can be involved in either programmed or non-programmed decision- making.
He or she can be involved in either programmed or non-programmed decision- making.
He or she can be involved in either programmed or non-programmed decision- making.
He or she can be involved in either programmed or non-programmed decision- making.
What are the decision-making tools of programmed decisions?
Policies and rules; capital budgeting; computerized solutions.
Policies and rules; capital budgeting; computerized solutions.
Policies and rules; capital budgeting; computerized solutions.
Policies and rules; capital budgeting; computerized solutions.
Policies and rules; capital budgeting; computerized solutions.
What are the decision-making tools of nonprogrammed decisions?
Judgment; intuition, creativity; computerized decision support systems and modeling.
Judgment; intuition, creativity; computerized decision support systems and modeling.
Judgment; intuition, creativity; computerized decision support systems and modeling.
Judgment; intuition, creativity; computerized decision support systems and modeling.
Judgment; intuition, creativity; computerized decision support systems and modeling.
Who is the founder of the rational decision-making approach?
Herbert Alexander Simon
Herbert Alexander Simon
Herbert Alexander Simon
Herbert Alexander Simon
Herbert Alexander Simon
What is the first step of rational decision-making?
The first step of rational decision-making is defining the problem.
What is the last step of rational decision-making?
The last step of rational decision-making is checking the answer to make sure it solves the problem.
What are the organizational constraints of nonprogrammed decision-making?
Need for agreement, shared perspective, cooperation, support, corporate culture and structure, ethical values.
Need for agreement, shared perspective, cooperation, support, corporate culture and structure, ethical values.
Need for agreement, shared perspective, cooperation, support, corporate culture and structure, ethical values.
Need for agreement, shared perspective, cooperation, support, corporate culture and structure, ethical values.
Need for agreement, shared perspective, cooperation, support, corporate culture and structure, ethical values.
What are the personal constraints of nonprogrammed decision-making?
Desire for prestige, success; personal decision style; and the need to satisfy emotional needs, cope with pressure, maintain self-concept.
Desire for prestige, success; personal decision style; and the need to satisfy emotional needs, cope with pressure, maintain self-concept.
Desire for prestige, success; personal decision style; and the need to satisfy emotional needs, cope with pressure, maintain self-concept.
Desire for prestige, success; personal decision style; and the need to satisfy emotional needs, cope with pressure, maintain self-concept.
Desire for prestige, success; personal decision style; and the need to satisfy emotional needs, cope with pressure, maintain self-concept.
Who are the developers of Carnegie Decision Model?
Carneige model, one of the organizational decision models, was developed by Cyert, James March and Herbert Simon from Carnegie-Mellon University.
Carneige model, one of the organizational decision models, was developed by Cyert, James March and Herbert Simon from Carnegie-Mellon University.
Carneige model, one of the organizational decision models, was developed by Cyert, James March and Herbert Simon from Carnegie-Mellon University.
Carneige model, one of the organizational decision models, was developed by Cyert, James March and Herbert Simon from Carnegie-Mellon University.
Carneige model, one of the organizational decision models, was developed by Cyert, James March and Herbert Simon from Carnegie-Mellon University.
What does coalition mean in Carneige model?
Coalition means a consensus of managers’ decisions about organizational goals and privileged problems. is coalition may consist of diffrent departments, individuals working in different levels and even customers and sometimes suppliers. Bankers, advisors outside the organization and union representatives may be included in this coalition since they must be involved in decision-making process.
Coalition means a consensus of managers’ decisions about organizational goals and privileged problems. is coalition may consist of diffrent departments, individuals working in different levels and even customers and sometimes suppliers. Bankers, advisors outside the organization and union representatives may be included in this coalition since they must be involved in decision-making process.
Coalition means a consensus of managers’ decisions about organizational goals and privileged problems. is coalition may consist of diffrent departments, individuals working in different levels and even customers and sometimes suppliers. Bankers, advisors outside the organization and union representatives may be included in this coalition since they must be involved in decision-making process.
Coalition means a consensus of managers’ decisions about organizational goals and privileged problems. is coalition may consist of diffrent departments, individuals working in different levels and even customers and sometimes suppliers. Bankers, advisors outside the organization and union representatives may be included in this coalition since they must be involved in decision-making process.
Coalition means a consensus of managers’ decisions about organizational goals and privileged problems. is coalition may consist of diffrent departments, individuals working in different levels and even customers and sometimes suppliers. Bankers, advisors outside the organization and union representatives may be included in this coalition since they must be involved in decision-making process.
What does satisficing mean?
Satisficing means an alternative production made with a limited information just to find solutions for the problems.
Satisficing means an alternative production made with a limited information just to find solutions for the problems.
Satisficing means an alternative production made with a limited information just to find solutions for the problems.
Satisficing means an alternative production made with a limited information just to find solutions for the problems.
Satisficing means an alternative production made with a limited information just to find solutions for the problems.
What does cognitive bias mean?
Cognitive bias means a tendency to make irrational decisions about other people and situations.
Cognitive bias means a tendency to make irrational decisions about other people and situations.
Cognitive bias means a tendency to make irrational decisions about other people and situations.
Cognitive bias means a tendency to make irrational decisions about other people and situations.
Cognitive bias means a tendency to make irrational decisions about other people and situations.
What are the types of bias in organizational decisions?
Overconfidence,
Anchoring bias,
Confirmation Bias,
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Overconfidence,
Anchoring bias,
Confirmation Bias,
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Overconfidence,
Anchoring bias,
Confirmation Bias,
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Overconfidence,
Anchoring bias,
Confirmation Bias,
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Overconfidence,
Anchoring bias,
Confirmation Bias,
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Anchoring bias,
Confirmation Bias,
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Anchoring bias,
Confirmation Bias,
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Anchoring bias,
Confirmation Bias,
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Anchoring bias,
Confirmation Bias,
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Confirmation Bias,
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Confirmation Bias,
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Confirmation Bias,
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Confirmation Bias,
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Escalation of Commitment,
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Frame Effect, and
Hindsight Bias.
Hindsight Bias.
Hindsight Bias.
Hindsight Bias.
Hindsight Bias.
What does “Escalation of Commitment” mean?
Escalation of commitment means that if you also have proofs that prove the truth of the idea against your own idea, you still insist on the accuracy of your own idea.
Escalation of commitment means that if you also have proofs that prove the truth of the idea against your own idea, you still insist on the accuracy of your own idea.
Escalation of commitment means that if you also have proofs that prove the truth of the idea against your own idea, you still insist on the accuracy of your own idea.
Escalation of commitment means that if you also have proofs that prove the truth of the idea against your own idea, you still insist on the accuracy of your own idea.
Escalation of commitment means that if you also have proofs that prove the truth of the idea against your own idea, you still insist on the accuracy of your own idea.
What does “Frame Effect” mean?
This means that form of information’s presentation influences the decisions greatly importantly. According to the frame effect, the way we define the problem, the words we choose, emphasis, the way we talk, the way we present our knowledge cause individuals to have various attitudes and perceptions and influence their choices.
This means that form of information’s presentation influences the decisions greatly importantly. According to the frame effect, the way we define the problem, the words we choose, emphasis, the way we talk, the way we present our knowledge cause individuals to have various attitudes and perceptions and influence their choices.
This means that form of information’s presentation influences the decisions greatly importantly. According to the frame effect, the way we define the problem, the words we choose, emphasis, the way we talk, the way we present our knowledge cause individuals to have various attitudes and perceptions and influence their choices.
This means that form of information’s presentation influences the decisions greatly importantly. According to the frame effect, the way we define the problem, the words we choose, emphasis, the way we talk, the way we present our knowledge cause individuals to have various attitudes and perceptions and influence their choices.
This means that form of information’s presentation influences the decisions greatly importantly. According to the frame effect, the way we define the problem, the words we choose, emphasis, the way we talk, the way we present our knowledge cause individuals to have various attitudes and perceptions and influence their choices.
What are the symptoms of unhealthy decision-making?
Group members suppose that their decisions are perfect and insist on it,
Managers are not informed about the arguments supporting the opposing view,
Group members give more importance to the data supporting their own views and ignore the others,
No one tries to consider alternative options,
Members that do not share the majority’s opinion are excluded.
Group members suppose that their decisions are perfect and insist on it,
Managers are not informed about the arguments supporting the opposing view,
Group members give more importance to the data supporting their own views and ignore the others,
No one tries to consider alternative options,
Members that do not share the majority’s opinion are excluded.
Group members suppose that their decisions are perfect and insist on it,
Managers are not informed about the arguments supporting the opposing view,
Group members give more importance to the data supporting their own views and ignore the others,
No one tries to consider alternative options,
Members that do not share the majority’s opinion are excluded.
Group members suppose that their decisions are perfect and insist on it,
Managers are not informed about the arguments supporting the opposing view,
Group members give more importance to the data supporting their own views and ignore the others,
No one tries to consider alternative options,
Members that do not share the majority’s opinion are excluded.
Group members suppose that their decisions are perfect and insist on it,
Managers are not informed about the arguments supporting the opposing view,
Group members give more importance to the data supporting their own views and ignore the others,
No one tries to consider alternative options,
Members that do not share the majority’s opinion are excluded.
What does anchoring bias mean?
Anchoring bias means being stuck in the first information coming to mind, which causes us to not evaluate the following data appropriately.
Anchoring bias means being stuck in the first information coming to mind, which causes us to not evaluate the following data appropriately.
Anchoring bias means being stuck in the first information coming to mind, which causes us to not evaluate the following data appropriately.
Anchoring bias means being stuck in the first information coming to mind, which causes us to not evaluate the following data appropriately.
Anchoring bias means being stuck in the first information coming to mind, which causes us to not evaluate the following data appropriately.
What does hindsight bias mean?
What does hindsight bias mean?
What does hindsight bias mean?
What does hindsight bias mean?
What does hindsight bias mean?
When you create a false belief that when the result of an event becomes clear, you knew this very result beforehand, it means that you have hindsight bias.
When you create a false belief that when the result of an event becomes clear, you knew this very result beforehand, it means that you have hindsight bias.
When you create a false belief that when the result of an event becomes clear, you knew this very result beforehand, it means that you have hindsight bias.
When you create a false belief that when the result of an event becomes clear, you knew this very result beforehand, it means that you have hindsight bias.
When you create a false belief that when the result of an event becomes clear, you knew this very result beforehand, it means that you have hindsight bias.
What methods can be offered to decrease the effect of these biases on managers’ decisions?
First method is to focus on goal.
The second method is to look for information that disconfirms your beliefs.
Do not try to create meaning out of random events.
Increase your options.
First method is to focus on goal.
The second method is to look for information that disconfirms your beliefs.
Do not try to create meaning out of random events.
Increase your options.
First method is to focus on goal.
The second method is to look for information that disconfirms your beliefs.
Do not try to create meaning out of random events.
Increase your options.
First method is to focus on goal.
The second method is to look for information that disconfirms your beliefs.
Do not try to create meaning out of random events.
Increase your options.
First method is to focus on goal.
The second method is to look for information that disconfirms your beliefs.
Do not try to create meaning out of random events.
Increase your options.
The second method is to look for information that disconfirms your beliefs.
Do not try to create meaning out of random events.
Increase your options.
The second method is to look for information that disconfirms your beliefs.
Do not try to create meaning out of random events.
Increase your options.
The second method is to look for information that disconfirms your beliefs.
Do not try to create meaning out of random events.
Increase your options.
The second method is to look for information that disconfirms your beliefs.
Do not try to create meaning out of random events.
Increase your options.
Do not try to create meaning out of random events.
Increase your options.
Do not try to create meaning out of random events.
Increase your options.
Do not try to create meaning out of random events.
Increase your options.
Do not try to create meaning out of random events.
Increase your options.
Increase your options.
Increase your options.
Increase your options.
Increase your options.